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Summary
Website Overview, Content, Structure, and
some Basics of Byzantine Icons
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If you have never heard of Byzantine icons, you may first want to read: What are Byzantine Icons?

The purpose of Icons Explained is to share with the visitor the beauty and deeper meaning of Byzantine Icons, where 'Byzantine Icons' are understood to be Religious Icons handpainted in the Traditional Eastern Orthodox Style.

Briefly, the site provides an overview of Byzantine Icons in general, and of the many Byzantine Icon Resources available on the Internet in particular. All material and references is classified into six groups. These constitute the *six (6) chapters of this website as follows:
    1. Introductory Pages
    2. Medieval Byzantine Icons - by country of origin
    3. Contemporary Byzantine Icons - by iconographer / studio
    4. Byzantine Icons by subject
    5. General References - by category
    6. Miscellaneous Pages



Byzantine icons can be considered an integral part of the Orthodox Faith, though it took a 100-year long conflict, the Iconoclasm (726-843), to establish this once and for all. The Iconoclasm (a), (b), (c) put in doubt the Incarnation of Christ, the very foundation of the Christian Faith and of the Icon. In our times, the Orthodox Church still celebrates the historic victory of Orthodoxy (11 March 843) the first Sunday of Lent.
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Clearly also, byzantine icons are intimately linked with the Veneration of the Holy Virgin Mary by the Orthodox Church. Click the icon of the Mother of God Platytera to the left to learn more about this. This veneration is further illustrated in the following paragraph, taken from an article by Monachina Maria Skobtsova titled "Veneration of the Mother of God".

« The largest number of venerable icons -- are likewise icons of the Mother of God. There is not a single church service, in which Her name is not mentioned nor in which the Church fails to beseech Her for the salvation of the faithful. And finally, beyond the purely church matters of life, the whole of ancient Russian writing was pervaded by thought about the Virgin Mary. The Russian people ultimately adopted Her as their own, vitally, into their lifestyle. The everyday mentality is profuse with thought about Her. »
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It is useful to pause for a moment and have a closer look at what is meant with 'icon' or 'byzantine icon' in the Orthodox Church. Click here to read about the Eastern Orthodox Icon painted (written) in the Traditional style.

If you have never looked at icons before, it is a good idea to read about The Essential Feature of Icons and about Understanding Icons.

Click the following link to see a selection of Medieval Byzantine Icons in Russia, the Balkans, Crete (Greece), Cyprus... Visit churches, monasteries and museums with ancient icons, frescoes and mosaics. And find out who the Icon Painting Masters were that created these magnificent works.
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Icon painting is not just something of the past, however. It is very much alive today all over the world, from Russia to the Americas, from Sweden to Australia. Contemporary icons can just be as beautiful and significant as their ancient counterparts. Click the icon of the Theotokos with Christ Child shown to the left, for example. Then click this link for a great selection of Contemporary Byzantine Icons.

General References are proposed to aid understanding the sacred visual icon art and help place it in the proper historical and religious context. Selected subjects include: History & Geography ; Icon History, Art & Architecture ; Eastern Orthodoxy ; Eastern Rite Churches ; Roman Catholic Sites...
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Not to forget, a description is included of the Iconostasis. It is the altar screen, richly decorated with icons, which, in an Orthodox church, separates the Sanctuary where the Eucharist is celebrated from the part (nave) reserved for the believers.

And, of course, there are Galleries and Indexes, all of which are easily accessed from the Icon Gallery Center ; this is part of the chapter Byzantine Icons by Subject which, as previously* mentioned, is one of the six (6) chapters* of this site.

Here is a list of galleries and indexes:
- Icon Galleries of images classified into six Icon Types ; with frames / without frames
- A sortable Icon-Gallery-Index: an index wherein the images can be ordered by number, name, type and country of origin
- A Scrolling Gallery: large icon images scroll across the screen with beautiful choral chant in the background; relax and enjoy
- A sortable Websites-Index: an index of over 200 websites that can be ordered by number, name, mosaics & frescoes, country of origin and author.

When, in addition to this Summary, you have a look at the HomePage / SiteMap and Bookmarks, you will know where to go when you are looking for specifics. If you still can't find what you are looking for, you may try SiteSearch or you can try this.

Summing it up, IconsExplained.com is a comprehensive resource on Ancient, Medieval and Contemporary Byzantine Icons, Frescoes and Mosaics with a wealth of information and images to aid better understanding them. May She who shows the Way be your Guide.

Thank you for stopping by, and enjoy your visit !

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Copyright © 2002-2006 PW de Ruyter     Updated: 15 February 2006

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Contemporary icon of the Mother of God of Vladimir.

by Russian Master
Vladimir Blagonadezhdin



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About Ancient, Medieval and Contemporary Byzantine Icons handpainted in the Traditional Eastern Orthodox style


'Icon' is derived from the Greek word 'eikon' meaning 'image'. 'Image' as it is used here is more than a picture. Here is a link to a reference where Bishop Nicholas explains 'image' very well, and with it he explains the deeper meaning of the icon.

'Icon' in the context of the Orthodox Church is a painting of Christ, of the Theotokos (the God Bearer or Mother of God), of the Great Feasts of the Orthodox Church, of Angels and Saints, and of scenes in the life of Jesus and Mary.

'Byzantine icons' refers to Ancient, Medieval and Contemporary icons handpainted in the Traditional Eastern Orthodox style of the 10th-15th centuries. This 'style' was actually laid down in specific rules that were established in that period following the Orthodox victory over the iconoclasts (a), (b), (c) in the year 843.

These rules were formalized in order to make sure that an icon was a byzantine icon only when it had been painted in accordance with these rules. When making mention of Ancient icons, Medieval icons, or Contemporary icons, one simply is more specific about when the icon was written or painted (that is, according to the Traditional Eastern Orthodox style).

One is naturally inclined to ask : "What is the importance of sticking to these rules?" and "Aren't artists people that are not particularly fond of rules?" and "What is involved in the Traditional Style?" Part of the answer to those questions is that an icon painter ought to be an iconographer. "What then is an Iconographer?" The short answer to that question is that an iconographer is both a painter and a theologian. Just as the Evangelist wrote the Gospel with divine inspiration and assistance, with his hands merely being instruments to put down the words on paper, so is it that the Iconographer in his spritual endeavor to write icons asks for divine intervention, and allows that divine intervention to move his hands to get the paint onto the wood in a manner that is in accordance with God's will.

Writing an icon, presupposes, on the part of the Iconographer, not only a prayerful attitude, but also a lifestyle of prayer, meditation and fasting. Says internationally acclaimed Master Iconographer Xenia Pokrovsky "A real iconographer is a theologian, a person having a deep spiritual life, knowledgeable about Scriptures, Christian dogmatics, liturgy, hagiography, etc.". (Izograph Studio, Frequently Asked Questions, 2nd last paragraph.)

If you have made it to here, you will be able to appreciate Paul Azkoul's article
The Icon: A Manifestation of Theology. Here is a direct link to the article http://www.traditionaliconography.com/theology.asp.

The next 2 articles highlight the painstaking physical details an iconographer needs to pay attention to if he is to work in the traditional style.
- Creating fine Icons http://www.roca.org/Vladimir/creating.htm (Vladimir Baranov)
- Traditional Icons http://angelamanno.com/icon/traditional.html (Angela Manno)

I think that an icon painting artist is going "beyond mere icon painting" when he is writing an icon while thereby taking into account the previously mentioned notions of Paul Azkoul, Xenia Pokrovsky and Nick Papas.

If indeed we can now set an iconographer apart from an icon painter, and we have a notion of how an icon is different from a painting, then a large part of what I hoped to convey in these lines has been accomplished.


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